{"id":5083,"date":"2017-10-08T21:17:41","date_gmt":"2017-10-08T19:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sabado100.com.ar\/?p=5083"},"modified":"2017-10-08T21:17:41","modified_gmt":"2017-10-08T19:17:41","slug":"el-separatismo-catalan-atenta-contra-la-democracia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sabado100.com.ar\/es-ar\/el-separatismo-catalan-atenta-contra-la-democracia\/","title":{"rendered":"El separatismo catal\u00e1n atenta contra la democracia"},"content":{"rendered":"

MADRID (Por Laura Moreno Marrocos).-<\/strong> El gobierno de Catalunya, una de las regiones m\u00e1s ricas y pr\u00f3speras de Espa\u00f1a, ha generado una crisis sin precedentes en la democracia espa\u00f1ola, conquistada con esfuerzo y gestos de ejemplaridad durante la llamada transici\u00f3n democr\u00e1tica (1975-1978), despu\u00e9s de una contienda b\u00e9lica fratricida (1936-1939) y una larga dictadura (1939-1975). De manera unilateral, violando el marco constitucional y el Estatuto auton\u00f3mico, el \u201cGovern\u201d con los representantes separatistas del parlamento local, convocaron un refer\u00e9ndum de autodeterminaci\u00f3n para ser un Estado independiente en forma de Rep\u00fablica.
\nEl sentimiento catalanista es una cuesti\u00f3n que se remonta al siglo XIX forjado en un nacionalismo identitario en oposici\u00f3n a la visi\u00f3n de Espa\u00f1a como \u201cnaci\u00f3n \u00fanica, antigua, castellanizada y homog\u00e9nea\u201d, que tampoco responde a su rica diversidad cultural y ling\u00fc\u00edstica. All\u00ed el germen del independentismo, alimentado en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas por pol\u00edticos y grupos catalanistas que llevaron la singularidad del pueblo catal\u00e1n, su lengua, cultura y proyecci\u00f3n internacional, a extremos de irrealidad y cierto aire de superioridad con relaci\u00f3n al resto de los espa\u00f1oles; que arraig\u00f3 en una amplia parte de la ciudadan\u00eda, sobre todo a trav\u00e9s del sistema educativo y el de medios de comunicaci\u00f3n. Poco a poco se fue abriendo una brecha entre el ser catal\u00e1n y el ser espa\u00f1ol, relativizada por quienes gobernaron el pa\u00eds en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os.
\nSin embargo, la crisis actual es el resultado del desacato a las leyes y de trasladar a la calle la ejecuci\u00f3n de facto de un refer\u00e9ndum ilegal el pasado domingo 1 de octubre, sin un eficaz uso de los instrumentos del estado de derecho por parte del gobierno nacional. Lo que hubiera evitado las im\u00e1genes de enfrentamientos entre las fuerzas de seguridad nacionales y los ciudadanos, muchos de ellos activistas del proceso separatista, que ocuparon las portadas de la prensa internacional y sembraron las redes sociales, dando lugar a interpretaciones descontextualizadas.
\nAhora bien, la m\u00e1s dolorosa violencia est\u00e1 en el seno de la sociedad catalana dividida y enfrentada. De los siete millones y medio de catalanes se estima en dos millones los partidarios del separatismo, una deriva que puede condicionar irremediablemente el futuro de todos.<\/p>\n

EJERCICIO DE DIALOGO SOCIAL<\/strong>
\nAl restablecimiento del orden institucional corresponder\u00e1 un largo y laborioso ejercicio de di\u00e1logo social cuyo horizonte exigir\u00e1 tarde o temprano cambios en la carta magna espa\u00f1ola.
\nLa crisis catalana deja aspectos para pensar: la democracia es garante de la convivencia cuando se respeta el contrato social plasmado en las leyes. Todo cambio es posible con el uso inteligente de los instrumentos del propio sistema, en un marco de concordia, racionalidad y b\u00fasqueda del bien com\u00fan del conjunto de una sociedad.
\nLos relatos creados a partir de la distorsi\u00f3n de la realidad y en beneficio de los intereses de un sector, cargados de t\u00f3picos y falsedades, transformados en creencias, fabrican fanatismos irracionales y alimentan populismos. Porque las palabras activan mecanismos emocionales que provocan actitudes e incluso actuaciones, sobre todo cuando no se estimula el ejercicio indispensable de la reflexi\u00f3n contrastada.
\nLa crisis de representaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica a causa de la corrupci\u00f3n, con el consecuente desprestigio de los pol\u00edticos, ha favorecido el ascenso a los poderes institucionales de partidos antisistema (de izquierda en el caso que nos ocupa), que se apropian de leg\u00edtimas luchas sociales, pero socavan tradiciones, instituciones y valores que consolidaron las democracias avanzadas.
\nMuchos conflictos en democracia pueden resolverse en las urnas, pero en el caso catal\u00e1n el camino elegido por los separatistas ha banalizado los procedimientos democr\u00e1ticos en una estrategia de ficci\u00f3n y enga\u00f1o. Tambi\u00e9n ha dejado en descubierto el enfrentamiento de posturas sobre la estructura territorial del Estado espa\u00f1ol, que los pol\u00edticos deber\u00e1n resolver y la ciudadan\u00eda decidir, probablemente en un refer\u00e9ndum, ese s\u00ed legal.<\/p>\n

La autora es periodista especializada en sociedad de la informaci\u00f3n y el conocimiento. Miembro del consejo de redacci\u00f3n de la revista Cr\u00edtica, Espa\u00f1a, y consultora de la revista Criterio, Buenos Aires. Directora de la residencia Le\u00f3n XIII de posgrado y opositoras. Brind\u00f3 un taller sobre \u00abElementos para una pastoral de la comunicaci\u00f3n\u00bb, en la parroquia Santa Rosa de Lima de Rafaela el 26 de agosto de 2001.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

MADRID (Por Laura Moreno Marrocos).- El gobierno de Catalunya, una de las regiones m\u00e1s ricas y pr\u00f3speras de Espa\u00f1a, ha […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,5],"tags":[5667],"class_list":["post-5083","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cultura-y-sociedad","category-politica","tag-el-separatismo-catalan-atenta-contra-la-democracia"],"yoast_head":"\nEl separatismo catal\u00e1n atenta contra la democracia - 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